The Quarterly No 89 – January 2014
Papermaking Cousins: John Annandale & Sons and Joseph Town & Sons – Catherine Wright
Family and social history of two important papermaking families that intermarried – the Towns (Keighley, West Yorkshire) and Annandales (Northumberland). Conference Paper 2013.
9 pages, 9 illustrations
Papyrus, Parchment and Paper. Part 6. The Pouring Mould – Richard L Hills
This part of the story of early writing materials outlines the development of the pouring mould in China during the early seventh century, and describes how variants of this design are still used today around parts of Asia.
5 pages, 2 illustration
Life in a mid-Victorian Papermaking Village: The Memoirs of John Turner (1837-1918) – Mike Stanyon
Social history, taken from an unpublished diary of a man living in Hemel Hempstead during the middle years of the nineteenth century. The article centres upon descriptions of the area around Nash Mills and the other surrounding Dickinson establishments. Conference Paper 2013.
6 pages, 4 illustrations
Oxfordshire Paper Mills: Part 4 – Notes on South Oxfordshire – Frances Wakeman
The first of three short articles, based upon unpublished research notes from Frances Wakeman, who has written extensively on the subject of Oxfordshire paper mills for many years previously. These articles in particular focus upon previously unpublished facts relating to the mills – in this case Rotherfield Peppard (New Mills) and Shiplake Mill.
2.5 pages, 4 tables
How Pulp Ware is Made – Anon
A very short article on the manufacture of pressed pulp ware made from wood pulp at the end of the nineteenth century in Thetford.
0.5 page
A Substitute for Glass – Anon
Another unusual use to which paper was put during the nineteenth century, this time in Germany, where strong manila was impregnated with linseed oil and used to ´glaze´ greenhouses, cloches and other garden buildings.
0.5 page
The Hollingworth and Balston ´Turkey Mill´ Countermarks – Stephen R Hill
The use of the ´Turkey Mill´ countermark by both the Hollingworths and Balstons has confused many paper historians. This article reprints and annotates the indenture by which the Balstons were permitted to use the countermark.
5.5 pages, 10 illustrations
Fire at Head Weir Mill, Exeter – Anon
A short newspaper report about a mill fire, circa October 1800.
0.5 page
The Scots and the First Fourdrinier in Canada – Ewen Jardine
The story of how emigrant Scots papermakers helped develop the use of the Fourdrinier paper machine in Canada. The article follows the fortunes of several such pioneer papermakers, and includes short biographies of the major players. Conference Paper 2013.
8 pages, 10 illustrations
Wood Pulp Making Machinery – Anon
A short, well-illustrated article, showing the range of mechanical apparatus used to produce wood pulp at the end of the nineteenth century.
2.5 pages, 8 illustrations
The National Paper Museum – Richard L Hills
The fact the UK once had a National Paper Museum is perhaps not widely known. It opened in April 1963, and was sited at a Wiggins Teape Mill in St Mary Cray, Kent. The museum was forced to close when the mill was shut in 1967, since which time no similar museum has ever been re-established. This article describes the floor layout of the museum, and some of the exhibits and collection (which still reside at the Museum of Science and Industry, in Manchester, almost all of it in stores.)
3.5 pages, 2 illustrations
Paper Duties, 1729 – Anon
Paper used to be taxed, and was a significant source of revenue to the UK government. This article describes the level of tax levied, and a useful table appended lists the names of paper sizes, and their dimensions.
2 pages, 1 table
Large Paper-Making Felt Looms – Anon
The point where textiles and paper intersect – paper machine clothing. This illustrated piece shows a large loom developed for production of paper machine felts.
1 page, 1 illustration
Book Reviews:
A Bowater Album – David Hammersley & Kevin Robertson
Guide Book, The Sittingbourne and Kemsley Light Railway
Two publications that together describe the Sittingbourne & Kemsley Light Railway – built to service the paper mills, and now still running as a ´heritage´ railway now the mills have closed.
The Secret of the Swedish Filter Paper – Anon
A very short item describing the unusual process which made Swedish filter paper so different to those versions produced at more southerly latitudes.
0.5 page
The Quarterly No 90 – April 2014
The Paper Industry in Leicestershire – Daven Chamberlain
The most complete analysis of paper and board manufacturing history in the country of Leicestershire yet to be published. It consists of a listing of all known mills, including the leather board mills, which formed a unique part of the county´s paper manufacturing history. Well illustrated and fully referenced.
16 pages, 13 illustrations
Papyrus, Parchment and Paper. Part 7. Dipping Moulds – Richard L Hills
The story continues with the development of dipping moulds, which followed on from the earlier pouring moulds. The text includes details on modern dipping moulds seen being used in China during the last couple of decades.
4.5 pages
A Giant Drier (One of 24)- Anon
A short item on a drying cylinder, manufactured in 1905 by Messrs. James Milne & Son, for the Holmens Bruk Mill in Norrköping, Sweden. The text is illustrated with an image of the cylinder being pulled on a waggon by a horse.
0.5 page, 1 illustration
Two Eighteenth Century Paper Mills – Peter Bower
Contemporary illustrations of two eighteenth century mills – Bonend, Buckinghamshire and the mill near Pickering Castle in Yorkshire. The text gives some brief history of the artists and the mills in question.
2 pages, 2 illustrations
The Innovative William Brindley, Paper, Board and Papier Mache Maker of Birmingham and London – Mike Malley
Papier Mache is one of the materials related to paper that is seldom covered in the pages of The Quarterly, yet it formed an important material for a host of goods manufactured during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. This article gives a brief introduction to papier mache, before giving a detailed history of one of the more important British exponents of the art.
9.5 pages, 6 illustrations
House-Lining Material in Norway – Anon
A description of two lining-board materials, developed in Norway around 1900, highlighting another unusual end use to which paper-like materials have been put over the years.
0.5 page
East India Company Paper – Steve Hill
A copy of a letter written by the late John Balston, in 1994, on paper with an ´East India Company´ watermark. A short accompanying text outlines some of the known history of the paper.
1 page, 1 illustration
The Traditional Making of Electrotypes for Line Watermarking – Bent Schmidt Nielsen
Reprint of an article from Paper History, (Journal of the International Association of Paper Historians), describing a visit by the author to Green Son & Waite, where he saw the electrotyping process in action. The illustrated text describes the methodology used by this well-known company.
2.5 pages, 6 illustrations
Eighteenth Century Trade Card – Anon
Illustration of a trade card from William King, a Paper Makers Agent and Rag Merchant from London.
0.5 page, 1 illustration
Wood Pulp Making Machinery – Anon
A short, well-illustrated article, showing the range of mechanical apparatus used to produce wood pulp at the end of the nineteenth century.
2.5 pages, 8 illustrations
Terra Alba and Mineral White – Anon
Messrs. Cafferata & Company ran extensive mineral quarries around Newark-upon-Trent in Nottinghamshire, which supplied the paper industry. This illustrated article outlines the development of the company, and shows some of the machinery they used – including their industrial railway.
3 pages, 8 illustrations
Paper Industry Review of 2013 – Anon
One table showing some of the paper, pulp and board mills (around the world) that closed during 2013, and another describing some of the news events that affected UK mills during 2013.
1 page, 2 tables
Curiosities of Disfigured Pulp – James Scott
An illustrated article from the turn of the twentieth century showing some of the insects that had been found trapped in samples of pulp.
2 pages, 3 illustrations
Paper Clothing – Anon
Description of clothes made from a cellulose-based thread – xylitol – made from paper, manufactured during the early twentieth century.
1 page
Paper Cutting and Winding Machine – Anon
Description of a paper cutter from the late Victorian era, used to produce paper rolls, which found a variety of uses – from telegraphy to hat bands.
1 page, 1 illustration
Politics as well as Fire Fighting – Stephen R Hill
An outing of the Springfield & Medway Mills´ Fire Brigade in 1903.
1 page, 1 illustration
The Quarterly No 91 – July 2014
Hidden Information: The Papers used in the Framing of Un Clair de Lune (Moonlight) and other Heliographs by Joseph Nicéphore Niépce (1765-1833) – Peter Bower
Niépce was a pioneer of early photography (heliography). This article outlines findings from an investigation into the papers used to frame his work Un Clair de Lune (Moonlight) which is believed to date from c.1820s. The article contains detailed information on the sources of papers and labels that help to chart the history of the work.
7.5 pages, 18 illustrations
Papyrus, Parchment and Paper. Part 8. Paper goes West – Richard L Hills
The penultimate part in this serialised, previously unpublished book, which deals with the journey of paper along the old ´silk road´ into Samarqand, then through the Muslim World and the development of Arabic Papers. It ends with the introduction of sizing by Arab papermakers.
6 pages
The Paper Mills of Chester – Mike Malley
The attractive city of Chester is not renowned for papermaking, yet over the years it has housed a number of mills. This article describes the Chester Roodee Mill (which the same author covered in greater detail in Quarterly 67); Handbridge Paper Mills; and the Dee Paper Mill. Alongside these mills he describes some of the surrounding area and issues to do with paper manufacture and water mills.
8 pages, 5 illustrations
The Envelope Machine of De La Rue – Ulrich Stienecker
The first successful English envelope making machine was that developed by Walter de la Rue, which was shown at the Great Exhibition of 1851. This article details its workings, its antecedents, and gives a short biography of the inventor.
4.5 pages, 4 illustrations
French Canadians and Sunday Labour in Paper Mills – Anon
A short news item concerning problems involve Sunday Observance in the French provinces of Canada at the turn of the last century.
0.5 pages
Oxfordshire Paper Mills: Part 5 – Notes on Mid-Oxfordshire – Frances Wakeman
The penultimate part of this short series, this one covers: Grandpont Mill; Upton Mill; Weirs Mill; Widford Mill; and Wolvercote Mill.
2.5 pages, 1 illustration
British Bibliography of Paper History and Watermark Studies No.21, 2013 – Peter Bower
Listing of articles concerned with papermaking history and paper conservation published in 2013.
4 pages
Addenda to British Bibliography of Paper History and Watermark Studies No.20, 2012 – Peter Bower
Additional articles concerned with papermaking history and paper conservation published in 2012, not included in the Bibliography published in Quarterly 87.
0.5 pages
Index to The Quarterly No.85-88 – Terry Wells
The index is arranged in eight categories: Articles by author; Articles by title; Book reviews; General index; Illustrations; Papermakers; Paper mills; Watermarks. The Watermarks index is further divided into those that are illustrated and those that are mentioned in the text.
12 pages
Book Reviews:
Washi: The Art of Japanese Paper – Nancy Broadbent Casserley
A new, exceptionally well-illustrated book on Japanese handmade paper making, focussing on two distinct periods circa mid-nineteenth century and late twentieth century.
Manuali Tipografici di Alberto Tallone – Enrico Tallone
Volume 4 in a series describing the Tallone printing and publishing house.